What are the most common causes of urinary incontinence?

The most common causes of urinary incontinence include a range of conditions that affect the urinary system's function. Urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence is a leading cause, particularly in women, where the sphincter fails to maintain closure during increased abdominal pressure. Ectopic ureters, which occur when the ureter does not connect properly to the bladder, can lead to urine leakage from an early age. Additionally, neurogenic issues, such as spinal cord injuries or multiple sclerosis, can disrupt the nerve signals necessary for bladder control, resulting in incontinence. Recurrent urinary tract infections (UTIs) can also lead to temporary incontinence by causing urgency and frequency of urination. This combination of anatomical, neurological, and infectious causes makes this option the most comprehensive and accurate representation of common factors contributing to urinary incontinence.